An Assessment of Solid Waste Management Methods in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria

Abstract

Solid waste management remains a persistent challenge in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria, with far-reaching environmental and public health implications. This study investigates the disposal practices of residents across selected communities and examines the socio-demographic, institutional, and infrastructural factors influencing those behaviors. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 160 residents, selected via a combination of simple random and convenience sampling methods. The questionnaire was pretested for validity and reliability, and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Findings reveal that although awareness of the health risks associated with improper waste disposal—such as cholera, malaria, and respiratory infections - is relatively high, actual compliance with proper disposal practices remains moderate. Key determinants of behavior include educational attainment, income level, and residential location. Institutional weaknesses, poor infrastructure, and inconsistent waste collection exacerbate the problem. The study identifies a disconnect between environmental knowledge and behavioral compliance, suggesting the need for multi-dimensional interventions. Recommendations include strengthening waste management infrastructure, enhancing community-based environmental education, and improving regulatory enforcement. The study further proposes an Integrated Risk-Based Approach (IRBA) tailored to the local socio-economic context. By providing empirical insights and a grounded framework, this research contributes to the discourse on urban waste governance and supports policy development for sustainable environmental management in Nigeria.