Performance and Emission Analysis of Ammonia-Diesel Blend in a Compression Ignition Engine

Abstract

This study examines the performance and emissions  characteristics of a compression ignition engine operating with an ammonia-diesel blend as fuel. Ammonia, a carbon-free fuel, is combined with diesel to address environmental concerns associated with traditional diesel engines while maintaining efficiency. A single-cylinder, 4-stroke engine was modified for dual-fuel operation, with ammonia contributing 20% of the energy input. Experiments under varying loads analyzed brake power, torque, fuel consumption, and emissions (CO₂, CO, HC, and NOₓ). Results reveal that ammonia reduces CO₂ emissions and lowers diesel fuel consumption due to its energy contribution, while slightly improving brake power and torque at higher loads. However, the blend increases NOₓ and HC emissions, emphasizing the need for optimized combustion strategies. These findings highlight the potential of ammonia-diesel blends as a transitional low-carbon fuel for sustainable energy so.