Design and Modification of an Integrated Digester-Separator Palm Fruit Machine with a Self-Cleaning System

Abstract

This project focuses on the design and modification of an integrated digester–separator palm fruit machine equipped with a self-cleaning system. The research addresses the limitations of traditional and semi-mechanized palm oil processing methods, particularly the challenges of the drudgery, labour-intensive cleaning and product contamination risks. The machine was designed to combine digestion, fibre–nut separation, and automated cleaning into a single compact unit. A gravity-fed water distribution system was incorporated to flush residues from the digester, thereby minimizing downtime and improving hygiene. The design and fabrication process involved engineering analyses of power requirements, shaft dimensions, belt transmission, and material selection. Performance evaluation of the machine indicated an average throughput capacity of 169.0 kg/hr, digestion efficiency of 91.8%, separation efficiency of 88.8%, and cleaning effectiveness of 85.2%. These results demonstrate that the modified design not only enhances productivity but also reduces operator fatigue and improves safety. The project contributes to sustainable palm oil processing by providing a cost-effective, locally manufacturable solution for small and medium-scale processors.