The Effects of Energy Drinks Consumption on Health and Performance of Undergraduates in Oyo State, Nigeria

Abstract

Energy drinks (ED) refer to that category of carbonated beverage that is enhanced with caffeine, sugar and some vitamins. It is known to provide extra energy, attentiveness and can ameliorate deficits in cognitive performance and subjective fatigue during extended periods of cognitive demand. The trend of acceptability and consumption of this drinks among adolescents and young adults is phenomenal. When the increased consumption of ED is juxtaposed with the increased prevalence of diabetes, heart diseases, substance abuse and problematic behaviours, some relationship may be inferred. Many young people indulge in Alcohol mixing with Energy Drinks (AmED), heightened smoking habits, and substance abuse which had led to blood pressure and psychosocial challenges. The problem is made worse by the non-availability or scarce information on the pattern of consumption of ED. This study drew its samples from the population of students of higher institutions in Oyo State, a total of 150 undergraduates were selected. Data was gathered through internet surveys using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed qualitatively. It was found that majority of the sampled respondents were male, aged 19–24 years, of Christian faith, Full-time student, live-alone, respondents’ mothers and fathers being educated till the Tertiary level. The respondents consume energy drink more than once per day. The study revealed that there is adverse effect of energy drink on academic performance of sampled respondents. The physical effect of energy drink consumption in Oyo State institution was also negative. The social life of students who drink energy drink in Oyo State institutions is also negatively affected as they seem to be more introverted and withdrawn from social functions although they attend social gatherings. The emotions of students who consume energy drink is unstable. Additionally, sampled respondents agreed that energy drink consumption leads to dependency and withdrawal, thus negatively affecting their psychology. It was recommended that Government should ensure regulate advertisement of energy drinks to involve the ingredients, benefits of consumption and available evidence of the negative consequences of over-usage. Pubic enlightenment programs through various mass media should be strengthened.