LANGUAGE NEED ANALYSIS AS A TOOL FOR IMPROVING THE SPEAKING SKILLS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

A STUDY OF SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN DELTA STATE

Abstract

This research investigates the effectiveness of language need analysis in enhancing the speaking skills of secondary school students in selected schools within Delta State, Nigeria. Employing a descriptive survey design, the study aimed to assess current speaking skill levels, identify language needs and challenges, explore influencing factors, and propose recommendations. Delta State's rich cultural and linguistic diversity provided a representative sample of the Nigerian secondary education system. The population encompassed 2,890 students from junior and senior secondary levels, with 240 participants selected through stratified random sampling. Trained research assistants administered structured questionnaires, and descriptive statistics, including mean, median, and mode responses, were used for analysis. The study revealed varying perceptions and challenges related to the speaking skills of secondary school students. Participants expressed mixed views on students' proficiency in spoken English, vocabulary and grammar usage, pronunciation, and their ability to respond to questions. Challenges were observed in comprehending complex sentence structures, vocabulary acquisition, using appropriate register and tone, expressing ideas fluently and coherently, and maintaining effective communication. The educational environment was considered conducive to active participation and communication, although concerns were raised about teaching methodologies and resource availability. Students' motivation was seen as a positive influence on their speaking skills. The research emphasized the importance of conducting regular language need analysis assessments, designing tailored speaking skill development programs, incorporating interactive teaching approaches, providing opportunities for authentic speaking practice, and collaborating with experts to develop appropriate teaching materials. The recommendations include targeted assessments, interactive teaching methods, authentic speaking opportunities, and professional collaboration to optimize the speaking skills of secondary school students in Delta State.