Journal of Arts and Sociological Research
Journal of Arts and Sociological Research is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal dedicated to advancing knowledge in the fields of arts, humanities, and social sciences. It provides a platform for scholars, researchers, and practitioners to engage in intellectual discourse, share innovative ideas, and present empirical and theoretical studies that contribute to the understanding of human society, culture, and artistic expression. The journal promotes interdisciplinary research and seeks to bridge the gap between theory and practice in various sociocultural contexts. E-ISSN: 3027-1401 P-ISSN: 3026-9148
Public Perceptions of People on Boko Haram Terrorism in Borno State, Northeastern, Nigeria
The persistence of terrorism in northeastern Nigeria remains one of the gravest challenges to peace, governance, and human development in West Africa. Despite extensive counterterrorism efforts, the Boko Haram insurgency continues to destabilize Borno State, the conflict’s epicenter. This study explores public perceptions of the root causes of Boko Haram terrorism, focusing on socio-economic, political, and ideological factors shaping the insurgency’s emergence and resilience. Using a mixed-method approach, data were collected from 420 respondents across Maiduguri, Bama, and Gwoza Local Government Areas through questionnaires, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. Findings revealed that 76% of respondents attributed the rise of Boko Haram to poverty and youth unemployment, 68% linked it to corruption and government neglect, and 54% identified religious manipulation and ideological extremism as central drivers. Qualitative narratives further emphasized the role of governance failures, marginalization, and the erosion of social trust as underlying catalysts of radicalization. The study concludes that Boko Haram’s roots are deeply embedded in structural deprivation, perceived injustice, and ideological exploitation of socio-economic grievances. Addressing these root causes requires a multidimensional peace building strategy that prioritizes inclusive governance, youth empowerment, interfaith dialogue, and social justice. The paper contributes to the theoretical understanding of terrorism by linking Relative Deprivation Theory and Frustration–Aggression Hypothesis to the lived perceptions of affected populations. It also offers critical insights for policymakers seeking to design sustainable counterterrorism and radicalization frameworks grounded in local realities.
Copyright (c) 2025 Scabia Samaila Samson, A. T. Ogah, D. U. Sangari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Leveraging Python Language for Data-Driven Communication Research
Python is an interpreted, high-level, general-purpose programming language that has emerged as a versatile and widely adopted tool across numerous disciplines, including machine learning, software development, and data analysis. Over more than three decades of continuous development, Python has been applied across diverse sectors, demonstrating substantial adaptability and scalability. In response to the growing dominance of algorithm-driven and data-intensive methodologies, communication scholars are increasingly encouraged to engage with programming languages-particularly Python-as integral components of contemporary research practice. The integration of Python into communication research represents a paradigmatic shift, necessitating that researchers with an interest in computational approaches adopt analytical frameworks and problem-solving logics traditionally associated with computer science. Owing to its relatively low learning curve, extensive open-source ecosystem, and wide availability of data-oriented libraries, Python remains accessible even to researchers with limited prior programming experience. This article advocates for the systematic adoption and application of Python within communication research, emphasizing its potential to enhance data analysis, visualization, and interpretative rigor. By expanding the methodological toolkit available to scholars, Python enables a broader and more nuanced approach to research interpretation in the evolving field of marketing communication.
Copyright (c) 2025 Shiraz Bello, Goodluck Matthew Anemikaye (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Starving into Being: Eating Disorders, Embodied Resistance, and the Psychiatric Imagination in Han Kang’s The Vegetarian
This article examines Han Kang’s The Vegetarian (2007) through the interdisciplinary lens of the medical humanities, drawing on psychoanalysis and cultural psychiatry to interrogate how the novel represents the boundaries between pathology and protest. I argue that Yeong-hye’s refusal of food is not a manifestation of illness but an act of embodied dissent against the patriarchal and psychiatric orders that seek to discipline her. Rather than a descent into madness, her starvation becomes a radical assertion of subjectivity that unsettles the classificatory power of diagnosis itself. Situating the analysis within the ICD-11 framework for feeding and eating disorders, the study exposes how clinical taxonomies both reflect and obscure cultural assumptions about body, morality, and control in East Asian contexts. A psychoanalytic reading, informed by Lacanian and Kristevan theory, illuminates Yeong-hye’s retreat from the Symbolic as a paradoxical gesture of autonomy and purification. A comparative reflection with West African narratives: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Half of a Yellow Sun (2006), Yejide Kilanko’s Daughters Who Walk This Path (2012), and Mariama Bâ’s So Long a Letter (1989) reveals that hunger, silence, and protest acquire distinct moral and cultural meanings across postcolonial literatures. The article concludes by advancing the concept of literary psychiatry, an interpretive practice that reads the body as a site of ethical testimony, resists reductive clinical labelling, and foregrounds the cultural variability of suffering and resistance.
Copyright (c) 2025 Toluwalope Abimbola Orotoye (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Combating the Impact of Gender-Based Violence with Algorithms: Successes and Challenges Across Sectors and Regions
The pervasive integration of algorithms in decision-making processes across diverse sectors has brought about profound implications for gender equality. This paper investigates the gendered impacts of algorithmic systems, with a focus on healthcare, hiring practices, education, social media, and efforts at combating gender-based violence. Employing a multidisciplinary approach grounded in feminist theory and ethical AI principles, the study examines how biases embedded in algorithmic design and data exacerbates existing global health disparities, perpetuate gender stereotypes, and widen socioeconomic inequalities. A comparative analysis of algorithmic applications across the Global North and Global South underscores regional disparities in outcomes, highlighting the influence of cultural norms and systemic inequities. Case studies from various regions revealed the successes and challenges of deploying algorithms in addressing gender-based violence and inequities in education, employment, and healthcare. The findings emphasized the need for inclusive data practices, diversified development teams, and robust policy interventions to mitigate algorithmic bias. Through providing actionable recommendations for developers, policymakers, and researchers, this study contributes to the discourse on responsible AI and underscores the urgency of promoting equity in algorithmic design and governance.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rufus, Anthony PhD, Nikade Anderson Akpoabowei PhD (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Metaphor of Religion, Time and Economic Desire in President Muhammadu Buhari’s Independence Day Speech
The study uses Critical Discourse Analysis to examine the role of metaphor of religion, time and economic desires in President Muhammadu Buhari’s Independence Day speech of 1st October, 2022. This study critically examines metaphor of religion, time and economic desires in President Muhammadu Buhari’s Independence Day speech delivered on October 1st, 2022, through the lens of Norman Fairclough’s three-dimensional model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), which encompasses textual analysis, discourse practice, and socio-cultural practice. The speech is analyzed to uncover how language is used to construct national identity, legitimize power, and shape public perception during a politically sensitive period preceding the 2023 general elections. The textual level reveals rhetorical devices, modality, and pronoun usage aimed at fostering unity and projecting a legacy of integrity. At the discourse practice level, the study investigates how the speech was produced, distributed, and consumed within media and political contexts. The socio-cultural level explores the broader ideological implications of the speech in relation to governance, security, economic hardship, and democratic transition in Nigeria. The analysis finds that Buhari’s discourse reinforces hegemonic narratives of patriotism and national resilience, while subtly deflecting responsibility for socio-economic challenges. The paper concludes that the speech serves as a strategic instrument of political self-representation, embedded with ideological meanings that support the outgoing administration’s image and shape the expectations of incoming leadership. The research attempted to unravel the hidden meanings and connotations of power in President Muhammadu Buhari’s independence day speech of 1stoctober, 2022 speech. President Muhammadu Buhari’s Independence day speech of 1st October, 2022 was sourced from the Internet. Since all the paragraphs will not be studied because of limitation of time and space, a total of fifteen (15) paragraphs were selected for discussion sampled and analyzed using purposive sampling technique.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yusuf Mohammed Nasir, Chinyere Uchegbu-Ekwuemu (Ph.D) (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Fringe Benefits and Performance of Hotels in South East, Nigeria
This study examined the relationship between fringe benefit and performance of hotels. The purpose was to find out if improved employees fringe benefit would add value to organizational good. The study was anchored on Equity theory. The study adopted survey method. Primary data were collected through questionnaire. The population of the study consisted of the employees of three Star Hotels in the South East, Nigeria. The analysis of data was conducted using percentages, bar chart and mean statistics. The hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (through SPSS version 23.0). Findings from the study revealed that there is significant association between fringe benefit and customer patronage, there is significant relationship between fringe benefit and customer acquisition, Fringe benefit relate with customer referral to a significant extent. The study concludes that the achievement of organizational performance is enhanced by effective implementation of fringe benefit packages for employees. It was recommended that employees of hotel firms should be made to have designated fringe benefit like transport and accommodation to make them to be very committed toward enhancing customer patronage.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mbanasor, Eunice Uloma PhD, Mbanasor, Christian Okechukwu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Corporate Social Responsibility and Organizational Outcomes in Transportation Firms in Owerri, Imo State
This study investigated corporate social responsibility and organizational outcomes in transportation firms in Owerri, Imo State.The objectives of the study are to ascertain the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on the customer loyalty of transportation firms in Owerri, Imo State; to evaluate the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility on customer satisfaction in transportation firms in Owerri, Imo State. The study adopts a survey research design and obtain data from both primary and secondary sources. The sample size of 240 respondents was determined using Bowley’s proportional allocation formula, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Cronbach Alpha was used to assess the reliability of the research instrument, yielding a coefficient of 0.70. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while correlation analysis was employed for hypotheses testing. The analysis was done with the aid of the SPSS software. The findings revealed that there is significant relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and customer loyalty; there is a significant relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and customer satisfaction. The study concludes that Corporate Social Responsibility positively and significantly influenced customer loyalty and customer satisfaction in transportation firms in Owerri metropolis. The study recommends that there should be increased awareness and communication of Corporate Social Responsibility efforts through public campaigns, media, and direct customer engagement to strengthen the perceived value of these initiatives. Periodic assessments and customer feedback should be integrated into the Corporate Social Responsibility strategy to help measure customer satisfaction and adapt initiatives accordingly.
Copyright (c) 2025 Prosper Faith Ginikachi, (PhD), Ononogbo, Martins Chibuzor (PhD), Kelechi, Margraret Amasiatu (PhD) (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Menace of Fulani Herdsmen in South East Nigeria: A Threat to National Security (2020-2025)
This study focused on the menace of Fulani herdsmen in South East Nigeria: a threat to National security (2020-2025). The work was carried out to determine the extent Fulani herdsmen have hindered economic development. Three research objectives, three research questions and three research hypotheses guided the study. The population of this study is 1,335,500 and the sample size is 400. Survey research design was used and questionnaire was employed to collect data. This study adopted social conflict theory and frustration-aggression theory to analyze the study. But this work was anchored on social conflict theory. The data collected in this study were analyzed using simple percentage, mean statistics, and Pearson product moment correlation coefficient. The result indicated that There is significant effect of Fulani-herdsmen on destruction of farm crops in south east Nigeria within the period of Study; Fulani-herdsmen has significant impact on kidnapping in south east Nigeria within the period of Study and there is significant relationship between Fulani-herdsmen and fare among rural farmers in south east Nigeria within the period of Study. The study concludes that finding a lasting solution for this conflict will help develop destroying agricultural projects/farmers which breed scarcity and high cost of living in Nigerian. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the government should effectively prosecute people who engage in kidnapping so that others will learn and avoid such negative venture.
Copyright (c) 2025 Raymond Nwapi O. (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Influence of Photojournalism on Environmental Advocacy Campaigns in South West Nigeria
Environmental photojournalism is becoming a powerful medium for mobilization of environmental awareness and action. This study examines the extent to which environmental photojournalism contributes to affecting advocacy outcomes and grassroots action among respondents from six selected universities in South-West Nigeria. The study, using regression analysis on survey data obtained from 61 respondents, investigates how exposure, community engagement, campaign effectiveness, and reach influence the environmental advocacy and grassroots participation. Findings show that exposure to photojournalism campaigns (β = 0.535, p < 0.001) and community engagement (β = 0.440, p < 0.001) are strong predictors of environmental advocacy outcomes. Further, campaign effectiveness (β = 0.545, p < 0.001) and reach (β = 0.354, p < 0.001) were found to greatly influence grassroots environmental action. These results indicate that on the sentimental front, the win-win scenario for photojournalism campaign with maximum dissemination in the public domain for meaningful community participation favours pro-environmental behaviours. Thus, the combination of strong visual storytelling with effective outreach and active engagement is critical for any further action in environmental advocacy. Recommendations include strengthening the campaign content and media outreach, promoting community participation, using social networks, and building local photojournalists' capacity for sustainable environmental action.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maria Kisugu Obun-Andy, PhD, Yinka Awofe Adegbite, Abigail Omolara Olorunyomi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Challenges of Artificial Intelligence on Public Perception of Communication Disorder among the Youths
The study examines the challenges of Artificial Intelligence on public perception of communication disorder among youths of Nekede. The concept of artificial intelligence (AI) on communication disorder has continued to generate controversy and attention globally. Artificial Intelligence is known as machine intelligence capable of mimicking human cognitive functions such as learning, understanding and solving problems. The study objectives include identifying challenges posed by artificial intelligence on communication disorder, and to know if artificial intelligence has the ability to cause emotional intelligence or communication disorder. The study is anchored on technological determinism theory as propounded by Marshal McLuhan and Charles Spearman g-factor theory of intelligence. The study adopts a survey method using questionnaire and interview as a research instruments for data collection. The population for the study is 15,548. The sample size is 400 according to Taro Yamane’s formula. The technique for the study is simple random sampling. The data is presented in tables and simple percentage. Findings revealed that respondents have an understanding of the new technology and its functions ability. Other findings showed that AI can be used to solve learning and hearing problems. Consequently, the researchers concluded that the youths should embrace the nouveau technology and utilize it for improvement of communication disorder.
Copyright (c) 2025 Belinda Anyanwu, Anukam Vera Oluchi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Copyright and the Protection of Innovation: The Importance of Intellectual Property Rights in Nigeria
This paper analyses the pivotal role of copyright law in safeguarding innovation and driving socio-economic growth in Nigeria. It explores the conceptual relationship between copyright and innovation, critically assesses the domestic legal framework—with a focus on the modernising reforms of the Copyright Act 2022—and situates Nigerian law within its international treaty obligations. While acknowledging the Act's robust provisions and remedies, the study identifies persistent and emerging challenges, including rampant piracy, institutional weaknesses in the Nigerian Copyright Commission, slow judicial processes, and novel threats from digital technologies like AI and NFTs. The paper concludes by proposing targeted recommendations to fortify the copyright system, advocating for enhanced institutional funding, judicial specialisation, comprehensive public awareness campaigns, and deeper international cooperation. These reforms, it argues, are essential for Nigeria to fully harness its creative and economic potential in the digital age.
Copyright (c) 2025 Musa Alkali Lawan, PhD, Muhammad Shettima, PhD, Abdullah Usman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Eroding Words, Eroding Worlds: An SFL and Ecostylistic Analysis of Tanure Ojaide’s The Activist
This paper presents an ecostylistic analysis of Tanure Ojaide’s The Activist, exploring the intersection of environmental degradation and cultural erosion in Niger Delta, Nigeria. This study employs a bipartite theoretical framework involving Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) and Ecostylistics to encode themes of ecological loss, resistance, memory, and cultural identity among the people of Niger Delta. The findings reveal how the novel presents the land as both a wounded body and a cultural archive where linguistic disfigurement reflects physical devastation and moral decay. Through close reading of selected excerpts, the paper argues that language in The Activist operates not only as a medium of ecological representation but also a contested site of ideological struggle and cultural survival. The study underscores the value of ecostylistics in uncovering the intricate entanglement of linguistic form, environmental consciousness, and cultural identity in postcolonial African literature.
Copyright (c) 2025 T. O. Adesanmi, O. A. Adeagbo (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Effects of Armed Banditry on Perpetrators, Victims and Law Enforcement Responses in Zamfara State, Nigeria
The rise of armed banditry in Zamfara State and across Northwestern Nigeria has significantly undermined socio-economic and political activities in the region. This study examines the effects of armed banditry on perpetrators, victims, and the responses of law enforcement agencies in Zamfara State. A total of 250 respondents participated in the study through questionnaire administration, while ten (10) in-depth interviews were conducted. The sample size was determined using a multistage sampling technique. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative data were transcribed and thematically interpreted. The findings reveal that armed banditry has severely disrupted farming, commercial activities, and social life, including festivals and school attendance. Additionally, residents, victims, and relatives of victims experience significant psychological trauma resulting from repeated incidents of banditry. The study further establishes that banditry negatively affects the supply and delivery of basic amenities within the affected communities. Strain-anomie theory served as the theoretical framework for the study. Based on these findings, the study recommends that government authorities address the underlying issues of unemployment, poverty, and the long-standing neglect of border communities. Improving socio-economic conditions in these areas would not only enhance residents’ well-being but also reduce the likelihood of individuals turning to criminal activities as a means of survival.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nasiru Zubairu, Ibrahim Yakubu Bashar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Poetic Exploration of Commonality in Niyi Osundare’s Selected Poems
Niyi Osundare is a second-generation poet whose works focus on socio-cultural and economic issues in his society. Previous studies have critically examined his works from stylistic, linguistic, and pragmatic perspectives, but have paid insufficient scholarly attention to the characters within his poetry, particularly the commoners. The aim of this study is to explore how Osundare uses his poetry to advocate for recognition and fair treatment of the commoners in society, by analysing selected poems from two of his anthologies. This analysis examines how these poems reflect his attitude towards the underdog, explores his thematic concerns, and considers how his work can contribute to societal improvement. The study is anchored on Marxism/Marxist critical approach. The poetic data were selected from Osundare’s Songs of the Marketplace and Village Voices. A careful appraisal and analysis of eight selected poems were carried out–In Songs of The Marketplace there are Excursions I, Excursions II, Excursions III, and Excursions IV while in Village Voices there are Eating with all the Fingers, Eating Tomorrow’s Yam, The Land of Unease and A Villager’s Protest. The findings revealed rural areas as the settings of his poetry, while the common man and common events caught his fancy. It was also discovered that Osundare uses a number of figures of speech and literary devices to solicit attention for these people in order to have a just, wholesome and egalitarian society. He went on tours in the company of other excursionists to survey, access and figure out the conditions of the sickly poor in the land, and could see for himself that these people in this situation need urgent attention from the people in government. These are things average human beings usually overlook daily. The conditions and welfare of the never-do-well of society were his priorities. In his bid to conscientise, raise awareness and awaken the government functionaries from their inertia, the poet deliberately uses satire, lampoon and sarcasm. Furthermore, nativised lexical items, code-switching and indigenized words are employed to foreground the sorry conditions of the commoners. Having examined the selected poems of Osundare in the above-mentioned anthologies and having observed that his poetic thought-pattern can impact society positively the paper concludes that the poet aspires to have an impartial and classless society, thereby qualifying him as a poet of the commonality. The study also recommends that the government should be more aware of its responsibilities. Upcoming poets should also join hands with Osundare in campaigning against unfair treatment of the commoners and all should be more neighbourly in their social dealings.
Copyright (c) 2025 Adelowo, Abimbola Dapo, Dr. O. A. Oyeleye, Prof. Stephen O. Solanke (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Declarative and Commissive Acts at Governor Abba Kabir Yusuf’s 2023 Inaugural Address
This study examines Governor Abba Kabir Yusuf's 2023 Inaugural address through the lens of Searle's (1979) taxonomy of Speech Acts, focusing specifically on declarative and commissive Acts. Using a qualitative content analysis approach, the study extracts, categorizes, and interprets relevant utterances from the address to explore their speech act functions within a political context. Declarative Acts are shown to perform immediate institutional effects (such as dissolving boards, reclaiming public assets, and reopening institutions) thereby asserting political authority and enacting administrative change. Commissive Acts express the Governor's commitments to future-oriented goals, including economic relief, infrastructural development, anti-corruption reforms, and social investment in health, education, and agriculture. These Speech Acts function not only as communicative tools but also as strategic mechanisms for constructing political identity, projecting ideological stance, and negotiating power relations in Kano State. The study concludes that Governor Yusuf's strategic deployment of Speech Acts serves as both a performative and ideological instrument for legitimizing authority and fostering a reformist governance agenda.
Copyright (c) 2025 Usman Abdullahi, Prof. Lawan Shuaibu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Conflicts and Violence in Nigeria: A Review of Causes and Prevention Strategies
Conflict and violence are phenomena that manifest in every society and its environment; whether it is developed or underdeveloped. They are not restricted to our country Nigeria alone but the entire world. Nigeria could be regarded as one of the most turbulent countries in Africa since the onset of the pre-post-independence era in which most Nigerian states were plagued with inter-tribal wars. The root causes, consequences and approach in finding lasting solutions in the management of the conflict and violence, differ from one community to another based on environmental differences, poverty, high level of illiteracy, coupled with unemployment. This paper will endeavour to find some lasting solutions to the causes of conflict and violence.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ogun, Samson Sunday, Okpor, Lilian Chinbosu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Influence of Global Warming on Food Security, Challenges and Intervention in Delta State
The study examined the influence of global warming on food security, challenges and intervention in, Delta State. Two research questions guided the study. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study comprised 150 Home Economics Education students in 3 Colleges of Education in Delta State. The entire population was studied due to its manageable size. A researcher-developed questionnaire was used to collect data. The questionnaire items used in this study was structured using a 4-point response scale. The reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbach Coefficient alpha and a coefficient of 0.87 was obtained suggesting a high reliability. All 150 copies of the instrument were administered and returned which was made possible through the wait and take approach. The data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation statistics while t-test was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings of the study revealed that the some of the challenges of food security in the face of global warming include flooding, loss of animals, crop scarcity and increase in pets etc. While the interventions include effective economic empowerment of the public, particularly the downtrodden, to enhance their ability to cope with the impacts of global warming among others. The study recommended among other that Government should set up temporary relief camps or settlements for flood victims or temporarily displaced people and ensure that adequate food supply is made available for the victims.
Copyright (c) 2025 Chukwuka, Florence Obiageli, Godwin Henry Emeka (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Impact of Internal Displacement and Resettlement on Social Cohesion in Benue State, Nigeria
This study investigated the impact of internal displacement and resettlement on social cohesion in Benue State, Nigeria, focusing on the relationship between internally displaced persons (IDPs) and host communities. Guided by two research questions and two hypotheses tested at a 0.05 level of significance, the study adopted a survey research design. The population comprised 415,347 IDPs, including 108,031 in formal camps and 307,316 in informal settlements or with host families. Using Leslie Kish’s formula, a sample of 384 participants, including IDPs, host community members, and stakeholders, was drawn with a 95% confidence level and a 5% margin of error. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed, combining purposive selection of camps and communities with stratified random sampling to ensure demographic representation. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, piloted for validity and reliability, yielding a Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of 0.87. Analyses employed descriptive and inferential statistics, including means, percentages, standard deviations, and regression analysis via SPSS. Findings indicate that internal displacement significantly undermines social relationships among IDPs. Weakened cohesion, increased conflict, heightened insecurity, and breakdown of social ties were found to predict deteriorating social relationships. Displacement disrupts communal networks, erodes trust, and fosters suspicion, reducing cooperation between IDPs and host communities. Loss of livelihood also significantly affects perceptions of economic equality, with unequal access to resources, land-related tensions, and disparities in service provision heightening marginalization and frustration. Economic deprivation exacerbates social tensions and undermines community harmony, highlighting the need for livelihood restoration and equitable inclusion programs. Based on these findings, the study recommends policies to enhance social cohesion through improved resource management, equitable aid distribution, and initiatives to rebuild trust and social networks. The research contributes to understanding forced migration in African contexts, emphasizing the social and economic challenges of displacement while highlighting strategies for resilience and peaceful coexistence.
Copyright (c) 2025 Prof. Andrew Ezadueyan Zamani, Dr. Usman Alhaji Yusuf, Iwanger Ruth Samuel (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Energy Security, the Imperative to National Development
Energy plays a paradoxical role in the development of any nation-state. Access to abundant, affordable, secure, safe, and clean energy benefits nation-states. Most importantly, energy is a vital driver of development, as it is required for agriculture, transportation, information and communication technologies, power generation, and, ultimately, industry. Nonetheless, the increased use of energy has resulted in global warming, and hence climate change, which is the primary cause of flooding, draughts, unexpected rains, and wildfires, among other things. Energy extraction, transportation, and consumption or utilization is detrimental to most countries' security, economy, and ecology. Worse, the detrimental effects of the energy that impoverished and marginalized countries either create or use have had disastrous consequences. This is due to their inability or limited capacity to implement mitigation and adaptation strategies to address the growing energy-related dangers to their development. Despite its energy crises, Nigeria, a developing country, has its share of energy consequences. Also, despite its enormous energy reserves, the country is yet to produce enough clean energy for national development, hence the need for energy security while dealing with significant energy-related negative repercussions. To explicate the relationships between energy and development in Nigeria, this article used content analysis. The paper illustrated that Nigeria is vulnerable to the harmful effects of energy, and stated that energy is an unavoidable evil that can be condoned, where its benefit can be utilized than its drawbacks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Usman, Mohammed (Ph.D), Muhammad, Muhammad Bature (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Biblical Prophetism: God’s Vehicle for Social and Political Change
The purpose of prophetic ministry is to bring revelation, direction, correction, and encouragement to individuals, churches, and even entire nations. Prophetic ministry has a long history in the Christian faith, with numerous examples found throughout the Old and New Testament. Prophets are human beings with divine call and message for a specific audience. The call of the prophet should therefore be a basic and fundamental experience in his life. This experience gives legitimacy to his office, authority to his message and urgency to his preaching. In ancient Israel the prophets speak on behalf of Yahweh, on political, religious and social issues of their time. The institution of prophecy is founded on the basic premise that God does not abandon humans to their own devices, but provides them with divine guidance. Each of the prophets knew the burden that God had given them over a particular situation and to the particular people or person. Therefore, prophetic ministry is seen in the Old Testament, as God raising up prophets to encourage and rebuke the nation of Israel in times of trouble or rebellion. It became obvious that the prophets in ancient Israel served as a medium in bringing the people back to God, turning away from their evil ways and so instituting Social Change and reform in the society. This paper investigates using the historical and theological interpretative approach Biblical prophetism its implication on Nigerian political and social atmosphere. The paper reasons that there is a wide disparity between prophets in ancient Israel and the ones in Nigeria. The Nigerian prophets are off the Biblical provisions for prophetic ministry hence lacking the forceful voice to effect any change politically and socially at the national level. This paper suggests a- going back to the bible as test book for the prophets of our time in Nigeria. The paper concludes that there is the need for the prophets in Nigeria to be bold, true to their calling and discharge their duty without fear or favour.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lucky O. Ikechiamaka, Dorcas Peter Kuchacks (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Political Leadership and Socio-Economic Development in Nigeria
This study focused on political leadership and socio-economic development in Nigeria. The study was carried out to determine how the Nigeria political leaders have contributed in stabilizing the Nigeria economy. Social contract and vacuum filling theories were used for the study. The study used descriptive research design and secondary data were collected and used. It was discovered that there is need to effectively use political leadership in human capital development; and infrastructural development of Nigeria. Based on that, it was recommended that corruption must be eliminated to its barest minimum, if possible eradicated. Adequate punishment should be given to offenders to serve as deterrent to others. As that will help to improve socio-economic development of Nigeria.
Copyright (c) 2025 Vin Jonathan Chidomere Egesi, Ph.D., Enwerem Prince O., Emenyeonu Immaculata, Obi- Ifeanyichukwu Sharon - El B (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Implications of Migration on Food Security in Delta State: Navigating the Dilemma of Abavo Community
Migration has become a central socio-economic force in Delta state of Nigeria, shaping agricultural outcomes and food security in significant ways. Granted that migration generates benefits through remittances, knowledge transfer, and socio-cultural connections, migration also undermines traditional farming systems, particularly in rural agrarian communities in the state. This paper examines the relationship between migration and food security with a focus on Abavo, a farming community in Delta State codenamed the ‘food basket of Delta state’. Using secondary sources, including data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and existing scholarship, the study highlights how migration reshapes labour availability, agricultural productivity, food access, and rural household well-being. The study relied on the push-pull theoretical framework to give clarity to the research. The results indicate that youth migration has contributed to reduced crop yields, higher food costs, worsening nutritional outcomes, and increased workloads for women and the elderly. Although remittances offer some income relief, they are rarely reinvested into agriculture. The Abavo case reflects broader national trends of rural decline and deepening food insecurity. The study recommends agricultural modernization, rural development initiatives, gender-responsive policies, and better use of remittances to support agribusiness. It concludes that mitigating the food security challenges driven by migration requires integrated strategies that revitalize rural livelihoods while recognizing migration as both a constraint and a potential driver of sustainable development.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dr Iweriebor Ferdinand (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Set Design as Narrative Agent in Jerry Ossai's “Ms. Kanyin”
This research investigates the pivotal role of set design as an instrumental storytelling tool in Jerry Ossai's film, "Ms. Kanyin." Moving beyond its conventional perception as merely a visual backdrop, this study contends that set design actively shapes and propels the narrative, influences character development, establishes the mood, and highlights thematic elements. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the methodology involves a detailed visual analysis of the film's distinct settings, semiotic interpretation of their symbolic meanings, and the application of narrative theory to understand their functional contributions. Key findings reveal a compelling juxtaposition between the historical, untamed jungle setting of 1892 and the structured, modern environment of Sterling Academy. The recurring motif of the cursed tree, seen across both timelines, acts as a key narrative element, linking past and present conflicts. The careful use of period-specific props improves authenticity and provides subtle storytelling cues. The study concludes that the intentional and contrasting set designs in "Ms. Kanyin" are purposeful, playing a vital role in conveying the film's complex themes, advancing its plot, and engaging viewers, ultimately emphasizing the importance of production design in storytelling within the Nollywood industry.
Copyright (c) 2025 Adebayo John Badeji (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analyzing the Gender Disparities in Boy-Child Education in Nigeria: Causes and Implications
Gender disparities in boy-child education persist as a significant challenge in Nigeria, undermining efforts toward achieving inclusive and equitable education. This paper provides an in-depth examination of the causes, implications, and strategies for addressing these disparities. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, the root causes of gender disparities in boy-child education are identified, including socio-cultural norms, economic factors, and institutional barriers. The implications of these disparities are discussed, highlighting their detrimental effects on individual development, societal progress, and national prosperity. Furthermore, the paper explores various strategies for closing the gap in boy-child education, encompassing policy interventions, community engagement, and targeted educational programs. The benefits of closing these gaps and increasing opportunities for boys in education are underscored, emphasizing enhanced human capital development, economic growth, and social cohesion. In conclusion, the paper synthesizes key findings and offers way forward for policymakers, educators, and stakeholders to promote gender equality in education, foster inclusive learning environments, and ensure equitable access to education for all children in Nigeria.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sule Haruna Bibot, PhD, Dasar Dyenan, Polmi Ibrahim, Nokshuwan Emmanuel, Jidauna (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
أساليب الكناية في ديوان الأميريّات للياقوتي
لا شكّ أن الكناية من أهمّ فروع علم البيان البلاغيّ . فإنّ هذا البحث المتواضع يتناول ويستكشف النّقاب وإبراز ما في ديوان الأميريّات للياقوتي من جمال الكناية التي من أهمّ فروع علم البيان البلاغيّ ، والتي في سرّ بلاغتها أن تعطيك الحقيقة مصحوبة بدليلها أوالقضيّة مطويّ فيها برهانها. وتضع لك المعاني في صورة المحسّات. وأول من دوّن مسائل علم البيان هوأبوعبيدة في كتابه المسمّى ” مجازالقرآن “ ثم نما شيئا فشيئا ح تّى وصل إلى ا إ ل مام عبدالقاهرالذي أحكم أساسه وشيّد بنائه، ورتّب قواعده ثم تبعه الجاحظ وابن المعتزّ وقدامه وأبو هلال العسكريّ. وما قام الباحث به هنا هوإعراض بعض الأبيات ثمّ تحليلها للوقوف على ما وراءها من دلالات الكناية مع إبرازالأفكارا لّتي تكمن فيها.
Copyright (c) 2025 عثمان همان جدّا (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Corpus-Based Analysis of the Vague Quantifier “All” in the Presidential Inaugural Speeches of President Biden
This study examined the role of the vague quantifier (henceforth, VQ) “all” in the presidential inaugural speech of President Biden Jr. with the following objectives; to identify the occurrence of the VQ, “all” in the inaugural speech and to analyse the roles of this VQ in the inaugural speech. The study made use of the concept of elasticity of vague language (henceforth, VL) as its theoretical framework and applied the ex post facto research design. The generated data were analysed using Antcon concordance while the data were presented in tables. The study among other things revealed that Biden employed the VQ “all” in different ways to express commitments, collective responsibility and challenges among others. The study concluded that Biden’s use of the VQ “all” has brought to the fore his political goals, contexts and style. The study recommended that presidents, governors and speech writers need to be aware of the major roles VQs play and the need to explore the immense benefits of these VQs in speeches.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nuwa Diriyai, PhD, Ataisi Emiya Gladday, PhD, Mihcael Nwala, PhD (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Factors Affecting Women Participation in the Electoral Processes in Anambra State, Nigeria
Despite efforts by the government, civil society, and international partners to protect women's rights and increased awareness of the need to address gender-based political violence, significant violence against women persisted during elections in Anambra State, particularly in areas with fierce political competition. The main objective of the study was to identify the factors affecting women participation in electoral processes in Anambra State. The study was anchored on the structural conflict theory in order to understand the impediments to effective women political participation and peacebuilding. the study adopted descriptive research design involving survey research and historical research designs. The population of the study is1,466, comprising of the population of women groups (umuada) in Anambra North, women groups in Anambra South and women groups in Anambra Central Senatorial Districts; influential community leaders in Anambra North, influential community leaders in Anambra South and influential community leaders in Anambra Central Senatorial Districts; All Progressives Congress (APC) Secretariat, Awka; All Progressives Grand Alliance (APGA) Secretariat, Awka; Labour Party Secretariat, Awka; Anambra State House of Assembly, Anambra State Ministry of Women Affairs and Social development, and Independent National Electoral Commission, Awka. The sample size of this study is 400, gotten through the use of Rakesh sample size formula. Data were collected using 5-Point Likert Questionnaire, in-depth interview and secondary sources. Data from questionnaire involved administering 400 copies of questionnaire to the respondents on a face-to-face basis, while data from in-depth interview was collected from interview of 14 respondents selected from the target population on the basis of their depth of knowledge and experience on the issues under study. Data from secondary sources were collected from journals and related internet materials. Data from questionnaire relating to the objectives of the study, were analysed using weighted mean. Data from in-depth interview were analysed using narrative-analytic technique, while data from secondary sources were analysed using relational-content analysis. Major finding of the study is that there are multidimensional factors hampering women participation in the electoral processes in Anambra State, including poverty, electoral violence, marginalization and cultural factors. It is recommended, among other things, that given the multidimensional factors that hamper women political participation in Anambra State, the Federal Government through the Federal Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Development should urgently sponsor a bill in the National Assembly seeking to implementation of 35% of women participation in politics in the country to improve the number of women that participate in electoral processes in all the States of the federation, especially Anambra State.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ajeroh, Chigozie Adaugo, Prof. Olayemi Akinwumi, Prof. Andrew Zamani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Insecurity and Its Implications for Development in Nigeria: An Assessment
This article examines the pervasive issue of insecurity in Nigeria and its profound implications for national development. Insecurity in the country is multifaceted, stemming from poverty, unemployment, corruption, weak governance, and ethno-religious divisions. The paper argues that these structural deficiencies have created an enabling environment for insurgency, terrorism, and violent crimes, with groups such as Boko Haram and Niger Delta militants exemplifying the security crisis. The analysis draws on both theoretical and empirical perspectives to highlight how leadership failure, institutional collapse, and mismanagement of national resources have compounded the insecurity challenge, thereby perpetuating underdevelopment. The discussion underscores that security is a prerequisite for development, as no nation can achieve sustainable growth without peace and stability. Nigeria’s experience demonstrates that violent conflicts and insecurity disrupt economic activities, deter foreign investment, and divert critical resources from developmental programs to security operations. The study also explores policy implications, advocating for a shift from militarized responses to strategies rooted in dialogue, justice, and inclusive governance. It emphasizes the importance of social justice, tolerance, and unity as fundamental values for promoting peaceful coexistence in a multicultural society. The article concludes by asserting that tackling insecurity in Nigeria requires addressing its root causes rather than its symptoms. This involves strengthening institutions, enforcing the rule of law, creating economic opportunities for youth, and fostering national cohesion.
Copyright (c) 2025 Shehu Usman Ali, Jamilu Ibrahim Mukhtar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Understanding the Rising Incidence of Suicide in Nigeria: Causes, Consequences, and Holistic Remedies
Suicide has increasingly become a critical public health concern in Nigeria, reflecting a complex interplay of socio-economic, psychological, cultural, and environmental factors. Recent reports indicate a steady rise in suicide rates, yet systematic research into its determinants, consequences, and remedies remains limited. This study examines the causes of suicide, including economic hardship, unemployment, relationship challenges, academic pressures, mental health disorders, and social stigma. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 500 survey respondents across multiple Nigerian states and in-depth interviews with 50 individuals, including suicide attempt survivors and mental health professionals. Quantitative analysis revealed significant correlations between financial stress, psychological distress, and suicidal ideation, while qualitative findings highlighted cultural beliefs, religious interpretations, and inadequate mental health services as exacerbating factors. The study is grounded in Durkheim’s sociological theory of suicide and Joiner’s interpersonal theory, offering both macro-structural and individual-level perspectives. Results underscore the consequences of suicide, including family trauma, loss of productivity, and community destabilization. Recommendations emphasize holistic interventions, such as policy reforms, integration of mental health services into primary care, public awareness campaigns, community-based support networks, and collaboration with religious and traditional leaders. The study highlights the urgent need for a multi-sectoral approach to mitigate suicide risk in Nigeria. Implementing culturally sensitive, evidence-based strategies can reduce the incidence of suicide, strengthen mental health awareness, and promote resilience within communities. These findings provide actionable insights for policymakers, health practitioners, educators, and civil society organizations, contributing to a more coordinated national response to this growing crisis.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Bakari Muhammadu Sukare, Abubakar Abdullahi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Poverty-Kidnapping Nexus: Study in Katsina State, Nigeria
The study examined the nexus between the two variables (poverty and kidnapping) in Katsina State. The study adopted social structure and anomie theory as a frame of theoretical analysis on the nexus between poverty and kidnapping in the study area. Methodologically, the study is a survey research design, which involves going to the field to gather the opinions of respondents on the subject matter. Both primary and secondary data are used in the study. The targeted population of the study include residents of the study area of 18 years and above, community leaders, security agents like the military, the police, civil defense and vigilante groups. Data was collected from sample size of 405 respondents. Questionnaire and IDI were the instruments of data collection. The technique of data analysis was mixed method (quantitative and qualitative). The study found that poverty leads to kidnapping and vice versa because the problem is subjecting people to serious economic losses. Both quantitative and qualitative data indicated that there is no commonality of the factors responsible for kidnapping across the various LGAs in Katsina State, but poverty plays important role. Other factors leading to kidnapping in addition to poverty in the study include; lack of education, poor parenting and loss of social values. To address the problems of poverty and kidnapping the study area, the study recommends State and national governments should address the major driving factors of kidnapping and poverty in Katsina State, such as unemployment and corruption; the national government should collaborate with the State Government to bring to an end kidnaping in Katsina State; community leaders should revive the past practice of traditional ruler-ship in which the community is aware of every movement in the area and any suspicious movement is furtively reported to the community leaders, etc.
Copyright (c) 2025 Halliru Sani Balarabe, Prof. Maikano Madaki (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0